Management in a Globailsed world Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Management in a Globailsed world - Assignment Example This paper seeks to address some questions on globalization as listed below: Globalization entails activities that assist countries and societies to broaden and deepen thus increasing their interdependence around the world. Broadening and deepening is the establishment of links and using them to increase the regularity and intensity of the communications, transactions, relationships and general interactions among the involved societies and states (Cohn, 2011). Globalization has led to developments in management and other significant sectors in the corporate world as companies come up with excellent strategies to overcome the competition and as a way of keeping up with the trends. The vast growth in international market relates with developments in areas such as communication and transportation technologies that are the key facilitators of the strategic links between the participating states and MNCs. However, globalization’s impact varies in the different countries and in most cases; it threatens the domestic autonomy causing issues among the local economies. Upon entry into the international market, countries take up new roles and responsibilities, which do not restrict them from making policy choices. The policy choices are the determinants of states and societies’ experiences of globalization i.e. unity and cooperation or fragmentation and conflict. A good example is the case of Multinational Corporations (MNCs), companies that distribute goods and services across borders with an aim of spreading ideas and controlling assets in more than one state. They play a significant role in globalization and most people argue that they make the greater part of it. MNCs mostly practice Foreign Direct Investments (FDI): this way they are able to manage rights and control economic transactions in different states. Today, there is no certain way to predict global markets because of promptly altering

Geriatric Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Geriatric Care - Essay Example Therefore, understanding of the differences that distinguish the elderly from the younger patients has turned vital in the modern care practices. While many of the differences relate to pharmacological and biological changes associated with aging, the psychological aspect of geriatric care can hardly be neglected too. Knowledge of the basic psychological characteristics of elder patients can contribute seriously to the provision of optimal geriatric care (Lyness, 2004). Over the last two decades, the role of professional psychological services involving elder patients has been increasing. Thus, while in 1986 psychological practice in nursing homes was almost non-existent, after only ten years psychological services became very common in those institutions. Simultaneously, practitioners and researchers started to accumulated specific knowledge related to the unique principles of psychological care of older adults (APA, 2003). The existing data in the field of geriatric care allows identifying the basic psychological principles and concepts understanding of which is critically important for care professionals to be effective in their work with elder patients. Elder patients have in common a special sensitivity to the psychological quality of care provided by health professionals. This sensitivity is largely due to the perceived biologic vulnerability and decreased ability to cope with stress observed in elder patients (Neugarten, 1984). Therefore, psychological geriatric care requires from care providers to observe several specific principles which help address the unique psychological needs of elder patients. The psychological view on the process of aging has transformed seriously over the course of the last century. In the past, growing old was predominantly viewed as a sad and negative experience " an ever-increasing slope, racing quickly toward death" (Sperry & Prosen, 1996: 5). Although such distorted perception of aging still persists in the modern culture, it is far from being as predominant as it was in the past. And what is especially important aging is viewed as a dynamic process that challenges the individual to make continuing behavioral adaptations rather than a static condition that leaves the individual no opportunity for better life (Diehl, Coyle, & Labouvie-Vief, 1996). However, while majority of modern theorists tend to view aging as a complex dynamic developmental process, the most essential difficulty is changing the traditional perceptions as for the nature of this process. This difficulty is perfectly summarized by Sperry and Prosen (1996): ".the elderly in general will be better served if theorists, clinicians, and researchers develop more positive images of aging. This amounts to a paradigm shift in our thinking about the older adult. To do so we must first confront the myths and misconceptions we have about aging and carefully consider the ever-increasing evidence that aging is in fact a development process" (Sperry & Prosen, 1996: 3). Such situation can be explained by the fact that absolute majority of theories and perspectives in the field of psychological development of human being focused almost exclusively on the earliest stages of life - infancy, childhood and adolescence. Although psychodynamic, cognitive, humanistic, and behaviorist theories viewed the process of human development

Geostatistics and Advance Reservoir Modelling Essay

Geostatistics and Advance Reservoir Modelling Essay Figure 1. All models are based on equations (next page) and plotted manually in excel to show their respective behavior. Spherical model fails to proceeds as lag exceed the practical range. Modelling and Interpreting Variogram Jahanzeb Ahsan (8529193) B.Eng Petroleum Engineering Introduction There are a dozen different variogram models. Four most frequent used are: Spherical: Smooth behavior at origin and more linear. Exponential: Greater slope than spherical i.e. relates to more random variables than spherical model. Gaussian: Using only Gaussian in absence of nugget can lead to problems in Kriging. Power: Also associated with fractal models. For above equations ‘h’ shows lag distance, ‘a’ is the practical range and ‘c’ is sill. There are three basic terms in all variograms; sill, nugget and range, as shown in figure 1. Sill is the value obtained after stabilizing the experimental curve by fitting a variogram model. It signifies ‘zero’ or no correlation of our spatial data, since variogram can be imagined as an inverse of variance graph, the sill shows the maximum variance i.e. there is no distance (zero lag) between the data, hence maximum correlation (for variance). Range is said to be the maximum distance for which correlation between 2 points can exist – beyond this autocorrelation cease to working – In terms of geology vertical range is greater than horizontal range due to difference in scale, ‘geometric anisotropy’. When comparing a horizontal variogram with vertical having different sills but same range one may conclude it as a ‘zonal anisotropy’, often due to stratification and layering. Range can also varies with type of model used. Based on the m odel equation figure 1 shows a manual attempt to demonstrate Gaussian model reaches sill (range is at lag 14) before exponential model having greater range (at lag 18). Range is said to be directionally dependent if anisotropy exist – geology is more anisotropic vertically than laterally. Nugget is an unavoidable error at origin in data. No correlation in data can lead to ‘Pure Nugget’, an ideal model have zero-nugget. For ease of understanding one can term it as an inherited error e.g. from measuring instruments. Figure 1 shows a nugget of 1.7732E-06. Noise can appear due to lack of data pairs and is more prominent in directional variogram, hence they do not show overwhelming evidence of anisotropy. Pure nugget models are also known as ‘white noise’ i.e. the data shows no spatial correlation. Interpreting Experimental Variogram (figure 1) For variogram or any other geostatistical method precision and optimality increases when the data is stationary and normally distributed i.e. mean and variance does not vary considerably. High deviation from data normality and stationary can result in complications. A skewed histogram influence the durability in estimation of variogram. Similarly if theoretical sill (see figure 1) is below experimental variogram a trend in data exist, which should be removed before interpreting the experimental variogram, however this does not mean it will solve the problem – no trend in dataset, see figure 2 (b). In other words geological data like porosity, grain size and permeability often shows trend which result in negative correlation as distance increases resulting in variogram to exceed sill (not in this case). Cyclicity (geological cyclicity) also known as hole-effect is another important phenomenon variograms exhibit (purple line, see figure 1). Periodic repeated variations like facies and other physical properties yield a cyclic behavior on variogram and like in figure 1 cause the variogram to deviate (below sill in this case). Cyclicity often diminishes over increasing distance as these periodic repeated geological variations are not consistent. This hole-effect phenomenon maybe insignificant in terms of overall variance but nonetheless should be included in a variogram’s interpretation. Table 1 shows the skewness as negative, however not perfectly skewed, however one can assume it due to lack of data since our range of measurement is only 39 f.t. Table 1 concludes our data is not perfectly normally distributed, hence our variogram model and Kriging will be affected significantly. Mean 0.079937 Median 0.0805 Mode 0.0813 Standard Deviation 0.003662 Sample Variance 1.34E-05 Skewness -0.657 Range 0.0151 Minimum 0.0709 Maximum 0.086 Sum 6.315 Count 79 Kurtosis -0.1163 Depth Length of data (MD) f.t. 39 Table 1. Basic statistical analysis of data Conclusion A real variogram consist of all or combination of features such as hole-effect, sill, range, an experimental data set fitted with appropriate model. Variograms such as rodograms or modograms or relative pairwise variograms are used when simple variograms fail to detect anisotropy and range. Amount if data is a big constraint in variogram modeling such that bigger the data, more accurate model. Spherical model fail to fit when lag distance exceed the practical range (like in our case). Lack of appropriate software and manual input of model equation in excel shows an approximate guide to how spherical, exponential and Gaussian model will behave. Gaussian model gives the best fit model and least nugget effect. A trend and sparseness in data greatly degrades the authenticity of variogram. Often biased especially when modelled inaccurately. Despite having its disadvantages a variogram can be a useful tool in heterogeneity analysis; an indicator variogram which converts the values into 1s and 0s is notably useful in quantification of lithological and geological units and future predictions. Kriging interpolation technique uses variogram. References Bohling, G., 2007. In: INTRODUCTION TO GEOSTATISTICS. Boise: Boise State University, pp. 15-25. Dubrule, O., 1998. Geostatistics in Petroleum Geology. Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Emmanuel Gringarten, C. V. D., 2001. Teacher’s Aide Variogram Interpretation and Modeling. Mathematical Geology, 33(4), pp. 507-534. Fanchi, J. R., 2006. Principles of Reservoir Simulation. 3rd ed. Oxford: Elsevier B.V. Gregoire Mariethoz, J. C., 2014. Multiple-point geostatistics. 1st ed. s.l.: John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Hodgetts, D. D., 2014. Geostatistics and Stochastic Reservoir Modelling. Manchester: s.n. Huihui Zhang, Y. L. R. E. L. Y. H. W. C. H. D. M. G. C., 2009. Analysis of variograms with various sample sizes from a multispectral image. Int J Agric Biol Eng , 2(4), pp. 62-69. M. J. Pyrcz, C. V. D., n.d. The Whole Story on the Hole Effect. [Online] Available at: http://ceadserv1.nku.edu/longa//mscc/boyce/gaa_pyrcz_deutsch.pdf [Accessed 9 November 2014].

Sexuality and Desire in Jane Austens Mansfield Park Essay -- Mansfiel

Sexuality and Desire in Jane Austen's Mansfield Park      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a letter to her brother dated 1814, Jane Austen boasted about a compliment she had received from a friend on her most recent work, Mansfield Park: "It's the most sensible novel he's ever read" (263). Austen prided herself on creating literature that depicted realistic characters and honest situations, but perhaps more importantly, she strove to create fiction that was moral and instructional as well as entertaining. So what does sensible say about the sexual? In Mansfield Park, the answer appears blaringly before us, as we repeatedly witness sexuality and desire represented in the darkest of terms, and often resulting in the most sinister of outcomes. Those who emit a sexual persona or awareness are to be seen as dangerous, and those whom possess sexual desire are inevitably the ones in danger, and are often punished for their untamed emotions and erratic behavior. The Bertrams and Fanny Price reside at Mansfield Park peacefully enough until their qui et, domestic world is turned upside down by outsiders, all of who, in their own ways, threaten to upset the lives of the inhabitants with a passion, desire, and sexuality that is new to them. In this essay, I would like to examine the relationships that arise from connections with these outsiders, what role sexuality and desire play in them, and what Austen's treatment of them says about sexual transgression and desire in a larger sense as well.    It seems only natural to begin with the two most prominent intruders in Mansfield Park, Henry and Mary Crawford. As jaded individuals accustomed to the fast-paced (and amoral) life of the city, Mary and Henry view Mansfield Park and its residen... ...ot given proper examples of how to conduct ourselves. Instead, Austen leaves us, rather uneasily, stranded between the platonic relationship of Fanny and Edmund, and the debauched affairs of the other characters, wishing for some sort of happy medium.    Bibliography: Auerbach, Nina. "Jane Austen's Dangerous Charm". Mansfield Park and Persuasion. Judy Simons, ed. New York: Macmillan, 1997. Butler, Marilyn. Jane Austen and the War of Ideas. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975. Handler, Richard and Daniel Sega. Jane Austen and the Fiction of Culture. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1990. Le Faye, Deirdre, ed. Jane Austen's letters, 3rd. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. Trilling, Lionel. "Mansfield Park". Jane Austen: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ian Watt, ed. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1963.   

Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities

First of all, we need to understand the difference between Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. The terms Gamesmanship (community) and Escalating (society) were derived from a famous sociologist, Toneless, Ferdinand (1855-1936). Modernization Is destroying the close knit communities that are considered Shamelessness and making them more Like a Escalating community (Donovan, 1996, p. 4). Gamesmanship society is a community that is tightly knitted together.They survive on their own resources and are opposed o relying on any type of modernization for help. It is a community that relies completely on each other for survival and support, as a result not needing to rely on the government. By living In their own structure, they are able to control all aspects of life such as religion; schools; medical; and food. Having their own regulated rules, there Is no need for police or Jails. They do not use technology but rely on the earth for their everyday needs.Ralph Salesman (1976) implied t hat it is an established community that allows everyone to share the same beliefs and assets, regardless of heir abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. There were some allowances made for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It Is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how big or small the problem may be. There Is no ridicule or Judgment as everyone Is treated the same and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community, p. 7).Escalating is complainingly the same but on a different spectrum. Escalating is considered a community but on a larger level. In his large community, there are many types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Escalating community Is more modernized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different personalities and According to Ben Singer (1996), Escalating derived from Gamesmans hip as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more interested in gaining their own profits removing themselves from the uncompetitive society.As modernization progressed so did the competition between people. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring hat obstacles they had to Jump over or who they hurt in the process to get ahead (Serial Melodrama, p. 78). Both communities are governed by leaders. Leadership occurs at all levels and helps in the aide of organization, Next we have to understand leadership theories and styles. Leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a leader are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, business knowledge.It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may have because they still carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p. 1). These styles are: Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders; Democratic Leader leads by trying to get a consensus ; Expressive Leader is a person who tries to reduce conflict by creating harmony; Instrumental Leader is an individual who tries to keep a group focused on a goal; and lastly, Laissez-fairer Leader which is an individual who is highly permissive (Heinlein, p. 169).By using a hypothesis in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. As the idea that arbitration destroys community has deep roots in sociology. Townies viewed small towns as the model for Gamesmanship. In a Gamesmanship, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community have a common ancestry and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, common activities, and frequent face-to-face relations help to create strong social and emotional bonds.In a Gamesmanship community, people tend to remain what they were born to be. Most individuals live and die in the same small a rea. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Townies concept of Gamesmanship and Escalating, is considered as one of the â€Å"discipline's most enduring and fruitful concepts for studying social change† (Bender, 17 as cited in Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Townies, is dramatically different.It is a Escalating because people are linked together through formal organizations and markets, rather than informal relations and a sense of belonging. Big cities represent Escalating. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day will be strangers and their interactions will be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors come from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes.Nor are they likely to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly spec ialized. These differences can create social distance (Bell, 1973). The different family ties lead too peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of operation and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses mainly on individual goals.The Gamesmanship society achieves pure communities must be fair and in cases when there is money being questioned, the leader comes up with a balance program between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals formulated by the community is the first step. The aim is to shift the youth of the community room a wish for immediate magical transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gamesmanship society must be helped to gain control over h is or her life space as a means to achieving genuine power.Addictive persons tend to resist working toward long-term goals which involve postponement of gratification and the exercise of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, easily achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves â€Å"strokes† when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the counselor for approval and e may be tempted to oblige (Bell, 1973). Another issue which often emerges in counseling youth of the Escalating community is that of achieving intimacy.Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to fear will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help young males to deplorable their views of women , and young women to be more pen and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Bell, 1973).Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to alter reality with a â€Å"fix. † Nevertheless, the physiological response of some individuals to drugs, once habituated is so compelling that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Bell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries emphasize ideology based on love (Hillier Jar. G, 1984). Recognition of the reverence and seriousness of issues among individuals in both communities and its relationship to violent reactions present a great challenge to society.The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from generation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to drop out from school and eventually indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well motivated to stay in school and recognize a bright future ahead. Striving for a better solution to the problems of leaving school will solve the problems of students who resort to gangs and drug selling.The best effort will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start about their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who generate a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts ND frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors.

Education as a social institution

Although today we learn basic but Important things we need to know In order to be accepted In society. Through education social Institutions we learn to read, write, and speak; these seemingly simple tasks are tasks we need for Just about any occupation today. Education as a social Institution affects me every school day. On my academic days I take part In education as the student, while on tech days I take part In education as the teacher. I really like the teaching style In the united states: also I enjoyed learning about the different teaching styles used in other parts of the world.Japan's teaching style was very intriguing to me. I believe the U. S. Would benefit immensely from taking principles from Japan into our educational social institutions. I was fascinated with the solidarity with the group that is stressed in Japan's education system. I'm impressed with how much responsibility the Japanese children have, and would really like to see our younger generations grow up to be like that too. As a teacher, the rising problems in U. S. Education worry me as I think about future generations. I feel that mediocrity is mediocre.I strongly believe that students should work hard for their grades, and not get them handed to them by lowering the passing grade. If we continue to lower the grades our population will become less educated. I am also concerned about the violence in our schools today. Safety wasn't always an issue in schools, so why have we allowed so much violence in that it is an issue? Seeing a cop pace through halls with a mission is intimidating to students, and wouldn't be happening if there was no violence at all in schools. I believe schools would do more to prevent violence from even coming close to schools.On the other hand, as a student, I'm guilty of being accepting to grades I get when a teacher uses a curve. As a student I take advantage of education as a social Institution. Although education is a very critical part of a student's life, I feel all of us don't give it the credit it deserves. Education as a social Institution teaches us more than English, Math, and Science; our schools teach us norms, taboos, and how to behave In our culture. I believe education Is the most Important social Institution In our society. Education as a social institution By allowing If you think about it, we would not get very far in life if we didn't have education social institutions. It's understandable that obviously earlier societies did it before education became a social institution. Although today we learn basic but important things we need to know in order to be accepted in society. Through education social institutions we learn to read, write, and speak; these seemingly simple tasks are tasks Education as a social institution affects me every school day.On my academic days I take part in education as the student, while on tech days I take part in education as the teacher. I really like the teaching style in the United States; also I enjoyed wouldn't be happening if there was no violence at all in schools. I believe schools institution. Although education is a very critical part of a student's life, I feel all of us don't give it the credit it deserves. Education as a social institution teaches us more behave in our culture.

RacismThroughout Our Daily Lives essays

RacismThroughout Our Daily Lives essays What would you do if the Constitution said you were just as good as everyone else but some people still acted as if you were something they had just scraped off their shoe? This sort of thing happens to millions of people on a regular basis. Americans of African, Asian, or Mexican descent are all subject to this kind of treatment. Caucasians are as well, but it is not as publicly notarized as the aforementioned. Most of these feelings towards another of a different skin color are deeply rooted in our minds from previous generations. Many, many years ago, African-Americans were used as slaves. The slave owners treated them badly. The owners own children then grew up with the same ideals and passed them on to the new generation. Through the years, people have spoke out about these ill-conceived ideas making the ominous threat of racism more discreet than ever before. While in a search online, I discovered a numbered list of Klu Klux Klan, Aryan, Skinhead, and many other white supremacist groups. I was shocked when I saw how many this one list had. It listed over 800 different groups. I know that number is not nearly accurate because there are many smaller groups that have not yet made themselves known publicly. Even people that do not belong in these racially biased groups perform some acts of racism. Racial profiling- the discriminatory practice by police of treating blackness (or brown-ness) as an indication of possible criminality. "Driving While Black (or brown)" is a campaign started by the American Civil Liberties Union because a study showed that minorities only make up 16% of all drivers, yet they are 74% of all drivers stopped and searched. Generally, only 12 to 13 percent of the U.S. citizens are African American, although Black inmates make up 40.29 percent of death row's population. As of 1996, there have been 232 citizens executed under the death penalty since 1977. Only one white person has been put to death fo ...

Beer, It Does a Body Good.

Beer, It Does a Body Good. On the Grasslands of Africa, the packs of lions turn the grassy feeding ground of the zebra into their slaughterhouse floor. The lions hang back observing the herd. They eye out the old, lame, or very young to maximize their assurance of success. They stay low and out of sight of the zebra, being careful not to be spotted.... Although some zebra will die today, the lions are indirectly assuring that the "herd" of zebras will continue.Darwin believed that by the killing of the weak of a species that the stronger, more vertile of the group would be left. Thus maximizing their ability to feed, multiply, and otherwise function to the maxim of their ability. By the weak zebras dying, they are streamlining the heard and increasing the herds amount of grazing land, not to mention the gene pool being saved from their inferior seed.Just as some in society believe you can take this basic theory and apply it to social issues, a small group as people think we college students can do the same wit h our brains through the mass consumption of alcohol.English: Rose Street Pedestrianised shopping stree...Exactly what is a mass amount? Binge drinking is defined as taking five or more alcoholic drinks in a row. (Wechsler ET al., 1997) A local "Brain Trust" that I asked while doing research for this subject had this to say about this definition of binge/mass consumption of alcohol. " Think this is pre-posterous, this Wechsler person is a real panty waist. How can someone be an expert on the binge drinking if they can't drink more than five beers?"If more than five beers are not a sufficient amount used to define binge drinking? I headed back to Mr. Burton for an answer. As luck would have it Mr. Burton "the local...

Case Study #2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

#2 - Case Study Example Gasoline is most commonly used as a fuel in vehicles which makes it one of the most important commodities in human life today. One of the characteristics of a necessary item is that its price should stay within the affordable limits of the general public, so that they are not deprived from its usage under any circumstances. But, gasoline price is found not to adhere to this rule and had often been subjected to wide variations, a consequence of similar variations in oil prices. The impact of such price movements is more intensely felt in the Western economies where almost every household owns a car. The following diagram is evidence of the wide fluctuations in gasoline prices in USA over five years (2004-2008). In fact, the mean and standard deviations of the gasoline prices, which are 251.38 (cents per gallon) and 62.15, over the five year span being considered, are also evident of wide variations in the same. The present study tries to investigate the causes and effects of wide fluctuations in gasoline prices in context of the US economy. USA being one of the highest GDP earning nation in the world and also the one with the highest per capita income, is a good ground for the study since oil has become more like a mode of daily life for the Americans. Hence, any fluctuations in the price level of the same, will have a widespread impact on the lifestyle of the nationals. The research outcome will help the residents of the country to get more aware of the possible impact of a rising oil price and thus they will be in a position to anticipate beforehand how they might be affected when subjected to such price fluctuations, and thus shield themselves accordingly. The fluctuations in oil prices and hence that of gasoline could be owed to a large proportion of oil being produced in the Middle East nations which, having formed an organization in themselves (OPEC) enjoy almost a monopoly power over the price movements of the

Lysistrata play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lysistrata play - Essay Example Macleod made me love the play Lysistrata even more. This is a reaction paper to the play Lysistrata by â€Å"Naked Feet productions†. Hannah Tsapatoris MacLeod proved that she was not an amateur, but a respected director of Greek plays. As a founder and director at â€Å"Naked Feet productions†, she showed her prowess by bringing a team together with the aim of performing the play Lysistrata. Her experiences include performing, choreographing, writing, singing, directing and teaching art. The following are the characters in the play. Kalonike was played by Meryl Lynn Brown, Myrrhine played by Jill Lawrence, Lampito played by Eleonore Thomas, Isemenia played by Cathrene Mary Moroney, Kinesius played by William Crawford, Senator played by Daniel Tobin, Panny played by Lawrence Beck and lastly, Aristophanes played by Robert Zaller. The production featured hotchpotch of ages, costume, attire and acting styles that transformed the acting into a splendid experience. The director through the play exceptionally brought the themes of war and women’s role in society to light. Lili Beta, a renowned Greek performer who played as Lysistrata quantified this through investing enthusiasm and effort in her character. Rallying women to go against their men particularly in a chauvinistic society is quite a difficult task. The production incorporated adapting the play to suite modern times, and in my opinion, MacLeod did a good job on this. The first instance that demonstrated professionalism in the play Lysistrata directed by Macleod was Lysistrata’s accent. This was a clear depiction of Greek accent by Beta, and it intimately linked the play with the audience. In fact, the audiences were seen smiling when the scene called for Lysistrata’s conversation. The words that the audience could use to describe the play are experiences, which were both shocking and amusing. A clear demonstration of

Privacy protection policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Privacy protection policies - Essay Example Truthfulness. Journalists need to demonstrate truthful, reliable information. This means refusing from false or made-up reports. This may oblige news journalists by representing the facts as well as the setting encompassing them. Truthfulness presupposes cooperation between a reporter and an organization for which he works (Media ethics).Clashes of interests.   Sometimes the interests of corporation that owns media may contradict with the information reported. It requires from journalists to be cautious and objective with information. Sometimes it is rather difficult not to give favors to the employer company, however, journalists have to mind objectivity before personal interests.Sensationalism. Media in some cases underline the news that is capturing yet insignificant. This happens when news organizations strive to attract new audience and satisfy crowds more than investigate the urgent issues of the day. This can happen in light of the expanded pace of the news business achieved by high quality TV, the Internet concentrating on benefits. Photographs. Photographs could be among the most disputable media materials, both due to their content and in light of the fact that they might be adjusted with the help of software (Media ethics).The issue of private information is also very sensitive I media. Private information is the information which is not known to anyone except its owner. The person can expect the facts will not become publicly accessible since they are normally delicate somehow.

Investment and Portfolio Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Investment and Portfolio Managment - Essay Example Investors must take account of the interplay between asset returns when evaluating the risk of portfolio at a most basic level; for example, an insurance contract serves to reduce risk by providing a large payoff when another part of the portfolio is faring poorly. A fire insurance policy pays off when another asset in the portfolio-a house or factory, for example-suffers a big loss in value. The offsetting pattern of returns on these two assets (the house and the insurance policy) stabilizes the risk of the overall portfolio. Investing in an asset with a payoff pattern that offsets exposure to a particular source of risk is called hedging. Anther means to control portfolio risk is diversification, whereby investments are made in a wide variety of assets so that exposure to the risk of any particular security is limited. By placing one's eggs in many baskets, overall portfolio risk actually may be less than the risk of any component security considered in isolation. So, using portfolio is very much important in investment decision-making Prof Stein should protect the value of his shares before the company issues an IPO by using derivative products such as options, forwards and futures. Derivative products help to avoid risk of price fluctuations and others. In hedging, Derivatives are tools for changing the firm's risk exposure. A derivative is a financial instrument whose payoffs and values is derived from, or depends on, something else. For example, an option is a derivative. The value of a call option depends on the value of the underlying stock on which it is written. Actually; call options are quite complicated examples of derivatives. The vast majority of derivatives are simpler than call options. Most derivatives are forward or futures agreements or what are called swaps. An unlimited variety of payoff patterns can be achieved by combining puts and calls with various exercise prices. Some strategies are discussed below: Protective Put: Under this one would like to invest in a stick, but one is willing to bear potential losses beyond some given level of investing in the stock alone seems risky to one because in principle one could lose all the money one invest. One might

The impact of information technology on accounting world Essay

The impact of information technology on accounting world - Essay Example BACKGROUND Accounting is as old as mankind and people used accounting to settle their scores even when the barter system was in place. People used different methods of keeping records of their transactions and claims to settle their exchanges as monetary transactions. When accounting was revolutionized, people brought up several new ways of book keeping which were beneficial and easy to go about. Different rules and principles came in to being when people gave rise to concepts of accounting such as accrual, matching, fair presentation and consistency etc. With progress in this field, people adopted the use of profit and loss statements as well as balance sheets to conduct their accounting but even then paper records were maintained. This was a hectic exercise which required a lot of time and tracking of records to keep them up-to-date with their daily transactions. This need of time gave rise to Information technology to come and level up the score where the requirement of time savin g and keeping track of records could be maintained. Not just that, the way conventional accounting used to take place could also be revolutionized and new and easy ways of book keeping can be brought up where standards and ease are both maintained simultaneously. BEGINNING ERA In the beginning era when information technology was introduced in the field of accounting, people started opting soft databases in place of hard copies of their records for the purpose of book keeping and tracking the transactions. This not only helped the hectic procedures of keeping the accounting records secure but also helped in the reduction of storage cost. The use of software that can calculate the results better and more accurately were used to make the calculations simpler and quick. Presentation was shifted from paper based presentation to soft copy presentation which required little time to make and edit the changes. New software was developed to cope up with the requirements as new standards of ac counting came into play and the level on complexity was increased. Both accountants and auditors started relying on the information technology far more than the paper work as it gave them time and cost saving and thus a new era on information technology was introduced in the field of accounting as well as that of auditing. CURRENT STATE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN ACCOUNTING The current state of information technology in the field of accounting is very diversified and wide as the companies and information technology agencies have developed several ways of countering the needs and requirements of today’s fighting era. As the information technology has grown up in today’s era, it has persuaded the managers to implement it in their companies to manage their duties and responsibilities in a more appropriate and designed manner. The current state of accounting involves the use of following accounting software and techniques: Database management systems Spreadsheets Audit t echnique software Word processing and graphic presentations Tax assessment software Decision support systems Inventory and sales management systems Data evaluation and management software etc These are the major software that is implemented today in the field of accounting and management which have given this era of advancement a new dimension. The new era of accounting has also given rise to the in-house development of software and the companies have started their own software houses in

Rituals in Modern and Ancient Society Research Paper

Rituals in Modern and Ancient Society - Research Paper Example While many of these rituals have stayed with our species since they were originally constructed so many eons ago, not all of them have retained the same structure. Our human race is prided in its ability to adapt to changes in time and circumstances, and our rituals are not exempt from this fact. By looking at the ancient rituals of birth and the transition to adulthood, and then comparing them to our modern practices, one can see how our society has adapted our rituals to match the changes of the human race. The rituals surrounding birth are perhaps the ones that have seen the most change throughout time. In the early years of the human race, the complete process of birth, from conception to the birth of the child, was not wholly understood. Without physicians or a sound understanding of the workings of the human body, people were not immediately aware of how a child was conceived. As such, this beautiful miracle of life was truly that to early civilizations - a miracle. A pregnant woman was revered by the whole society, and the birth of the child was a celebration that everyone partook. As science and medicine advanced, providing insight into the functions of the body that allow for conception and birth, rituals were altered to acknowledge these natural, wondrous processes. In ancient Greece, birthing rituals were based on superstitious belief. The room in which the mother would give birth would be checked for knots, which were believed to delay or prevent birth. Once the mother went into labor, she would crouch over a birthing stool where two midwives would massage her stomach and a third would be waiting to catch the baby. After the birth of the baby, both mother and child would be cleaned as birth blood was thought to be unlucky. A sign would then be made on the baby’s forehead to protect them from curses caused by the evil eye (Byrne, 2006). In China during the late 1800s, a Taoist priest would whisper prayers to the mother while she was in labor to encourage an easy birth. After the child was born, they would not be washed for three days to diminish any influences of evil. Zuni Indians of the 1890s conducted birth in silence; despite the pain she no doubt experienced, a woman in labor was not allowed to speak. Instead, the women of her fami ly would groan and cry for her. Six days after the birth, the child would be presented to the Zuni gods, a ceremony attended by all members of the tribe. In ancient Indonesia and Malaysia, women were not allowed medicine for pain relief, and the birth took place within the home since the first cry of the baby was in loyalty to the parents and should be heard in the home. A priest would whisper prayers and scriptures to the child so that the first words the baby would hear would be those of faith. Many of these rituals have withstood the sands of time, though they may not be immediately recognizable. The major difference between birthing rituals in ancient times and in modern times is that the practices of the ancient were required, while women in the modern era are virtually unlimited in how they give birth (Rouhier-Willoughby, 2003). Midwives are common, though not necessarily required, and they help soothe the mother and make the delivery easier. In some religious settings, a prie st is present to bless both child and mother. Some women do not use medication during birth, fearing that the medication might harm their child, and the location of the birth varies from one woman to another. Many are conducted in the maternity wards of hospitals, some are done in special birthing centers that promote natural births, and others are done in bathtubs in the homes of the mothers-to-be. After the birth of a child, the next milestone in their life is the transition into adulthood.

Research Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Ethics - Essay Example The respondent may find themselves manipulated into saying more than they intended. The onus must lie with researchers to establish their own ethical code in such matters. (Ball, 1991, p. 181) Ethics in research has become a part of every scientific research project, whether politically or morally motivated. Educational research is no exception. However, the model it has been based on may be in need of serious review in order to more effectively guard against not only unethical practice but of inappropriately applied standards. For the past several centuries, medical models of ethics have been used as a general guideline for ethical standards in many professions, including education. This is no surprise since over time science and medicine have provided a substantial body of literature on the subject over the course of several successful and unsuccessful attempts as ethical research behavior. â€Å"The more notorious accounts of unethical research practice are found in medicine, as indeed are the most notorious recent instances of scientific fraud. And for a philosophical contribution, there is the discipline of bioethics.† (Small, 1998, p. 103) But what is ethical behavior? One dictionary defines ethical behavior as conforming to the standards of conduct of a given profession or group. What researchers consider being ethical, therefore, is often largely a matter of agreement among them. (Wallen & Fraenkel, 2001) Ethics has to do with standards set by the profession and regulation of its members conduct. In everyday application, it involves not a philosophical examination of values but recognition of agreed standards. Therefore, there may be tension between personal moral standards and the ethical norms of a profession (Kfir & Shamai, 2002) There is always a give and take between the three fundamental rights of the various constituents involved in all research. First are the

Rituals in Modern and Ancient Society Research Paper

Rituals in Modern and Ancient Society - Research Paper Example While many of these rituals have stayed with our species since they were originally constructed so many eons ago, not all of them have retained the same structure. Our human race is prided in its ability to adapt to changes in time and circumstances, and our rituals are not exempt from this fact. By looking at the ancient rituals of birth and the transition to adulthood, and then comparing them to our modern practices, one can see how our society has adapted our rituals to match the changes of the human race. The rituals surrounding birth are perhaps the ones that have seen the most change throughout time. In the early years of the human race, the complete process of birth, from conception to the birth of the child, was not wholly understood. Without physicians or a sound understanding of the workings of the human body, people were not immediately aware of how a child was conceived. As such, this beautiful miracle of life was truly that to early civilizations - a miracle. A pregnant woman was revered by the whole society, and the birth of the child was a celebration that everyone partook. As science and medicine advanced, providing insight into the functions of the body that allow for conception and birth, rituals were altered to acknowledge these natural, wondrous processes. In ancient Greece, birthing rituals were based on superstitious belief. The room in which the mother would give birth would be checked for knots, which were believed to delay or prevent birth. Once the mother went into labor, she would crouch over a birthing stool where two midwives would massage her stomach and a third would be waiting to catch the baby. After the birth of the baby, both mother and child would be cleaned as birth blood was thought to be unlucky. A sign would then be made on the baby’s forehead to protect them from curses caused by the evil eye (Byrne, 2006). In China during the late 1800s, a Taoist priest would whisper prayers to the mother while she was in labor to encourage an easy birth. After the child was born, they would not be washed for three days to diminish any influences of evil. Zuni Indians of the 1890s conducted birth in silence; despite the pain she no doubt experienced, a woman in labor was not allowed to speak. Instead, the women of her fami ly would groan and cry for her. Six days after the birth, the child would be presented to the Zuni gods, a ceremony attended by all members of the tribe. In ancient Indonesia and Malaysia, women were not allowed medicine for pain relief, and the birth took place within the home since the first cry of the baby was in loyalty to the parents and should be heard in the home. A priest would whisper prayers and scriptures to the child so that the first words the baby would hear would be those of faith. Many of these rituals have withstood the sands of time, though they may not be immediately recognizable. The major difference between birthing rituals in ancient times and in modern times is that the practices of the ancient were required, while women in the modern era are virtually unlimited in how they give birth (Rouhier-Willoughby, 2003). Midwives are common, though not necessarily required, and they help soothe the mother and make the delivery easier. In some religious settings, a prie st is present to bless both child and mother. Some women do not use medication during birth, fearing that the medication might harm their child, and the location of the birth varies from one woman to another. Many are conducted in the maternity wards of hospitals, some are done in special birthing centers that promote natural births, and others are done in bathtubs in the homes of the mothers-to-be. After the birth of a child, the next milestone in their life is the transition into adulthood.

Characteristic and performance of the video game Industry Essay Example for Free

Characteristic and performance of the video game Industry Essay A detailed analysis of the video games industry, the relationship between the console, the developer and the gamer and the case studies of Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft has conclusively proved the hypothesis that a symbiotic relationship exists in the video games industry between the console, developer and the consumer which impacts on the overall growth and performance of the business and will also have an effect on future trends. A survey of data analysis will reveal that there are excellent prospects for growth of the console video gaming industry despite threats from other areas of the same business such as online and mobile gaming. The details of the research outcome and the salient conclusions and recommendations are as per succeeding paragraphs. The overall growth of video and computer games world wide is likely to grow from $ 27,000 million to approximately $ 54, 000 million or double during a period of three years from 2005 to 2008. The console video games industry is set to grow from $ 15,000 million in 2005 to over $ 20, 000 million in 2008. This is a growth of over 30 percent which is likely to surpass the growth in all other segments of entertainment. This growth is driven by the popularity of console games in general as well as certain technological factors such as development of online console gaming facilitated by upgraded consoles and broadband connections which can facilitate easy transfer of images and videos. Apart from this economic factor, there are other profound changes which will come about in society as predicted by Doug Lowenstein who has indicated that it would transform the total social and cultural thinking in the years ahead. (Conference, 2000). The numerous voices raised against the growth of video games and their influence on children in America has decried the growth of this industry. Such protests and developments will certainly affect the growth of the video industry and it is likely to create more benign games in the future. Of greater concern to social scientists is the inculcation of hyper competition and deviant sexual values in children due to games. (Squire, 2002). This issue is likely to place pressure on the gaming industry to ensure that it follows the norms set by bodies such as the industry content regulator, Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) in America. Another important facet is content creation and retailing online. This mode will develop at much faster pace than at present. This will enable greater participation of gamers and will consolidate the existing relationship between the console, the developer and the gamer. Technology as the MMOG will further boost the growth of the industry as well as the relationship between the stake holders in its growth. Relationship between console, developer and consumer The research has conclusively established a positive relationship between console, developer and consumer. Video gaming is a highly interactive process in that there has been a total shift in the relationship between the producer of goods, the developers of content and those who are partaking off that content, the gamers. This relationship has become of mutual support rather than of give and take. The mediums used for such an interaction have been consciously developed in some cases as Nintendo which started with a special magazine and has now come up with various other actions to support the developer as well as the consumer in providing the company effective inputs for development of games. A similar trend has been observed in the case of Sony and Microsoft. The growth of the internet has further added to the impetus and this will be supplemented by on line gaming which is providing gamers an opportunity to respond actively to their entertainment requirements. The response of all companies has been active in fostering this relationship. The other aspect is the active involvement of console and developers. While all major console producers have in house developers, they are including the information technology behemoth; Microsoft actively seeking the assistance from external developers. Companies have fostered special programs as Game Play Counselors and Digipen to cultivate the loyalty of the developer community along with community participation program called as NSider forum by Nintendo.

Participation in higher education and women empowerment

Participation in higher education and women empowerment In the research conducted by Samina Malik and Kathy Courtney the finding from Maliks 2005 study was summarized. It was from his study that the wanted to investigate that to what extent does women empowerment was dependant on the gaining of higher education by women. In the research the importance of the prevailing culture and norms on women empowerment was also highlighted as they play a key role in preventing women from claiming the rights that they have been given by law which includes having equal rights to education. As Pakistan is a developing country it has been rated s the nation with the widest gender gap and discrimination against women (UNICEF 2006). The united nations population information network gave the understanding that women empowerment has five major components, which include women sense of self-worth, their right to have and to determine choices, their right to have access to opportunities and resources, their right to have power to control their own lives, both within and outside the home, their ability to influence the direction of social changes to create a more social and economic order, nationally and internationally,(POPIN n.d) However it has come to notice that overall the girls and women are at disadvantage and the movement to bring about any change in their position or their standard of living has failed. Forming a conclusion from the research it has been proven that the attainment of higher education in particular is accepted as a means for social change. The participation in education has many advantages for the women one of the most important one being economic independence. As agreed upon by Iram, samiullah, tanveer, bedi-uz-zaman, shujaat and Ali women empowerment is a social phenomenon. Women in Pakistan are subject to very little participation in the economic sphere of life. Usually they are either underpaid or unpaid workers in the agricultural background. I their research the authors also subject that women empowerment can be measured based on their participation in politics. However the most important aspect being catered to in their study is the impact of male youths views on women empowerment. Since Pakistan is clearly a male dominated society and the views of the male segment plays either a supportive or opposing role towards women empowerment. It was concluded after the study that the prevailing view of women empowerment from the eyes of the male youth has different aspects of acceptance. Regarding ownership of property, vote casting and registration the response was fairly positive. It was also positive towards equal job opportunities, traini ng program and membership of union and organization but political participation and participation in public protests and political campaigns was a negative. Overall however the attitude of youth towards women empowerment was considered a positive but the family practice of the positive attitude was very limited which may be due to the parents background and quality of education. According to Malik hassaan the reason for women being neglected and lookdown upon may lie in some common factors which stem from the history of the country. The social norms and cultures and the menace of poverty have been put down on the shoulders of the women of this country since its birth. The idea proposed that economic development to actual take place in a nation requires the participation of the entire citizens of the nation by Malik is crucial to this country. The concept highlighted is the importance of poverty and government intervention in the developing worlds. The history bearded by the developing nations plays an important part also in another study relevant to this is by Ndrit. Assie-Lumumba regarding the women and empowerment in Africa. The idea being discussed by both the authors lie in the fact that the nations having participated in many international betterment and development programs and organizations the implementation of laws pro-women have been poor due to the history of poverty and culture prevailing in these nations. The insignificant intervention of the government and the lack of positive will towards this idea not only hinder the social well-being but also the e economic wellbeing of these developing nations. As Assie-lumumba explains the participation of women I higher education and universities are extremely low due to which any research conducted from these institutions dont show the actual picture. Although the educational system has been taken from the wests example, the persisting lack of participation by the female sector cannot be ignored. The reason for the lack of involvement doesnt however lie solely with the historic practices but also by the recent practices which have stemmed out from the historic practices in essence strengthening them. The issue being that without access to primary and secondary education the female masses cannot have the opportunity to advance into higher education. The practice of not allowing equal opportunity at the initial levels of education is a major hindrance for the women of Africa. The other main issue discussed in the study relates to the lack of power to have time, equipment and finances being allocated to women in the African society. This also raises the gender gap and in essence reduces the ability of women to participate in education. The absence of proper policies and implementation of these policies thus result in the discriminatory policies regarding education and women in the African continent. The idea that most of the conclusive research done in the developing countries result from the research conducted in the university setting, the absence of women form these institutions result in a lack of information and authentic research. The formation of policies also rest on the information collected therefore the lack of information subsequently result in improper and insufficient efforts being conducted in the way to women empowerment. Lumumba also rightly concludes based on assessment that the role of the researchers are highly crucial in the forward view of the continent and it is their responsibility to interrogate all analyze all the social sectors to finally come up with conclusions. Therefore educating the female masses of the nation is essential to not just economic wellbeing and eradication of poverty but also a healthier social standing of the nation. The same standing is put forth by Malik Hassan in his research that poverty and economic sustainability of Pakistan rests on the shoulders of policy makers and researchers. There is a crucial need for proper research and data availability and a dire need of the policy makers, the government to shape up reforms and implement them in the most efficient and effective manner as without this the nation will not be able to move from the developing category to the developed. The nuisance of poverty and the economic instability is directly related to the no participation of the entire nation towards there amputation. In his conclusion Malik also explains the importance of awareness amongst the citizens, capacity building of women, research and documentation on the achievements of women and advocacy for policy in political parties as essential and substantial requirements to overcome the structural obstacles and lack of awareness in the country. The importance of women participation in policy formulation and their representation at all levels of the government is necessary for the wellbeing and progress of Pakistan. Women empowerment is defined as a change I the context of a womens life that will enable her to lead a fulfilling human life, it being reflected both in external qualities and internal qualities (human development in south Asia (2000) as quoted by Mathew (2003). In the research by purusottam nayak and bidisha mahanta it is found that women of India, another developing nation, are relatively disempowered and given a lower status than their male counterparts. The existing of this gender gap exists basically with regards to education and employment. Different aspects of the study focused on different factors that were looked at by the researcher. These include women having the right to education and employment; domestic violence and say on spending their earnings; womens exposure to media and heir involvement in politics. After a clear view it was concluded that women were subject to unequal treatment b the male dominating society. Dr suvarna sen and ishita mukherjee also in their study look at the prevailing trends of role of women in India and they also examine the employment levels, wages, literacy and school enrolment; their participation in politics and personal health issues. They also suggest from their study that women are being subject to socio-economic biases which in retrospect affect their status in society. The most alarming find from both these studies show the acceptance of this unequal and bias treatment by the women in general. All these factors are either the result of governments shift from raising actual awareness and or implementation of policies structured for women empowerment. The major role of higher education and employment is the conclusive factor in both the studies. It has been seen in Dr surarna sen and ishita mukherjees finding that rising of awareness and education are the only forums which may result in ability to combat these practices. The entire idea of is also supported by purusottam nayak and bidisha mahanta in their findings that access to education and employment are the only enabling factors to empowerment. However in similarity the studies also conclude that the hindrance towards this goal is mainly due to the lack of government support. The idea that government does not support encouragingly the institutions set to formulate policies regarding the bettermen t of the female population and also doesnt take steps in helping in the implementation of these policies for proper coverage and benefits. The idea of empowerment if not wholly supported by the mass of male population and the authoritarian of the country, cannot flourish and bloom. The presence of education plays a pivotal role for women in helping them realize and understand their rights and their rewards. Without which they may not be able to come out of the current situation and remain to believe themselves subjugate to domestic vigilance and gender bias. Another study conducted by purusottam nayak and bidisha mahanta examines the impact of women empowerment in Assam. In this study as well the women empowerment quotient is judged on the basis of indicators such as education, employment, household decision making power, financial autonomy, and freedom of movement, exposure to media, political participation and experience of domestic violence. Assam is one of the states of India and the largest state in the region of North east India on basis of population. Although it is free from a lot of social evils like dowry, sati, female feticide and infanticides it is still ranked very low in the scale of female empowerment. There is a wide gender gap in the state which is even not found in other comparable states in India. the study concludes that the development of the state is being affected by the widening inequality in gender and that the development process is not gender neutral as women are subject to lower status as even when compared to the rest of the states in India. There does seem to be political involvement of the woman segment in the state however other than that the educational and employment status is very low. Also the access and reach over resources is very low as well. Meetika Srivastava In her study gives a profound view on women empowerment. She begins by explaining the importance of women in the society and their pivotal role in shaping the nations future as mothers, teachers etc. she also very clearly signifies the women rights that are considered under the act of humanitarian law worldwide. The basic human right that woman is entitled to live in dignity and esteem. Have freedom of want and freedom from fear just as her male counterparts. The importance of this equality has been underscored by its inclusion as one of the Millennium Development Goals. However she goes on to explain further that even though worldwide gender equality has been given an important stature it remains to a practically neglected avenue. Violence and discrimination is a very common practice however now economic discrimination has also joined in the list of inequalities which include health and education. Despite a lot of controversy and a lot of this agenda being raised by the international organizations, women are still more likely to be ill, poor, illiterate and tortured than men. Another important factor for empowerment measurement is the control of their own fertility. This aspect is so crucial that it is considered sometimes, as the benchmark for empowerment as said in the study that, when a woman can plan her family, she can plan the rest of her life. Srivastava 2009 Ms Srivastava is on the right path when she concludes by her study that women empowerment is a strong factor towards development. She explains further that despite the said progress that is made the female segment of the society is the most neglected segment as yet. Especially with regards to basic health and education they seem to be suffering magnanimously. she goes on to close with the fact that no kind of social empowerment, legal empowerment or economic empowerment may be able to take place without focusing on women empowerment. In his study of women empowerment in India, Mr. gagandeep kaur explains that the empowerment assumed to be prevalent in the society where women are known in literature and religious scrolls as devis or shakti is all a faà §ade. It doesnt exist and all the rights and privileges so called adhered to women in the Indian society are just on paper in ink and not in real life. He goes on to explain that the status of women cannot change by the mere idea of introducing the terms but it requires a complete change of metal setup which is deep rooted in not just the minds of the people but also of the woman herself. The biggest problem is that women are unaware of their own rights and what world of opportunities lies for them. Various efforts are being conducted by free lance NGOs, media and welfare organizations, but what is most important is the involvement of the government he says. Gary S Becker, William H J Hubbard and Kevin M Murphy follow on the research that they conducted regarding the worldwide boom in higher education with regard to women education. In their research they explain that there has been a high increase in the education of female and males around the globe. They d agree that citizen in developing nations and developed nations do get different share of education however according to new statistics there has been a substantial increase in both the worlds higher education trend. The most important factor that they have come to notice is that the research provides them with sufficient facts that the increase in higher education is due to women. In their research they provide a model of supply and demand in market for college educated workers. They also examine the effects of the costs of college education and difference in gender and also means and distribution of skills.

Charles Dickens :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Charles Dickens (1812-1870) is one of the greatest and most popular writers in the history of literature. In his novels, Dickens combines masterly storytelling, humor, pathos, and irony with sharp social criticism and acute observation of people and places, both real and imagined. On February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, England, Charles Dickens was born to John and Elizabeth Dickens. Charles was the second of eight children. He spent most of his childhood in London, the setting for many of his novels. He lived in a middle-classed family that, but his father was incapable of managing his own finances. Dickens started school at the age of nine, but his education was interrupted when his father was imprisoned for debt in 1824. He was then forced to work at Warren’s Blacking Factory, a shoe-polish factory, to support himself. His experiences of trying to survive in the slums of England haunted him all of his life, and he would later devote many of his books to the retelling of his experiences. Dickens was saved from this situation when his father was released from prison. From 1825 to 1827, Dickens again attended school for two years of formal schooling at Wellington House Academy in Hamstead. For the most part, however, he was self-educated. In 1827, dickens took a job as a legal clerk. By 1829, he had become a free-lance reporter at Doctor’s Commons Courts. He had become a very successful shorthand reporter of Parliamentary debates in the House of Commons and began work as a reporter for a newspaper, in 1832. During his time as a reporter he would develop his skills to write very detailed and factual-like stories. In 1833, Dickens published his first of a series of original descriptive sketches of daily life in London. By 1834, he and adopted the pseudonym â€Å"Boz.† His Sketches by Boz was published in 1836. During that year he would marry Catherine Hogarth on April 2, 1836. In 1836, Charles dickens published his first novel The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. The success of the Pickwick Papers made him famous. At the same time it influenced the publishing industry in Great Britain, being issued in an unusual form, that of inexpensive monthly installments that would run in literary magazines.

Cold War - The Changing Relationship of the Superpowers :: American America History

Cold War - The Changing Relationship of the Superpowers The United States and Soviet Union, the single most important rivalry of the twentieth century, started as a partnership. This irony was caused by the fact that the Germans were taking over Europe, which forced them in this relationship. Once Hitler was eliminated and Berlin destroyed, the tensions began rising. These two nations had completely opposite ideologies from the economic system to the political system. The changing relationship has evolved from a forced partnership, a possible world war and now finally a steadying friendship. The entire world was watching as the Cold War went from moments of dà ©tente, to hours at the brink of world war three. The Germans and the Russian had an alliance at the beginning of the war but Hitler turned on the Soviets. This caused the Soviets to join the British and American side and led the advance on Germany from two fronts. The German war machine kept this alliance at bay only for so long before the two nations destroyed Berlin. The Soviets were already keeping control of all that was east of Germany, and this was causing the United States great anxiety due to the fact that communism was spreading. A great sense of relief came to the United States as the Nuclear Age began with the Manhattan Project and the Bombing of Japan. Stalin was now afraid that the United States would one-day force capitalist ideas upon Mother Russia, until the most intriguing aspect of the cold war came along, spies. A great change came when in the early 1950's the Soviets started testing their own nuclear weapon. The United States could not understand how they had their own nuclear weapon so quickly; the answer today is so simple the plans were stolen. All aspects of life for the United States and the Soviets were to beat each other. Tensions stayed high in the Olympics, the space race, ICBM's, the Korean and Vietnam wars. The highest point of tension during the entire Cold War was the Cuban Missile Crisis. Up until this point the Soviet sphere of influence did not reach into the Western Hemisphere except for the spies. Castro had now changed this paradigm, allowing Soviet missiles to be set-up in Cuba. This is the point at which most people believed we were closest to a total Nuclear War. The real protection from this possible total war was known as MAD.

Disease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services Essay

There are many misconceptions about how to help a drug addict. Some people believe conquering a drug addiction is a matter of will power, and an addict who truly wants to end the dependency on drugs can easily turn away from the narcotic. However, drug addiction is much more complex than simply altering behavior. In order to help a drug addict, one must understand that addiction is a chronic brain disease and the battle to overcome it will most certainly be hard fought. 1: Know the signs and symptoms of drug dependency. A radical change in personality may indicate an individual is abusing drugs. Personality changes are a common sign of all types of drug addiction, including alcoholism, a dependency on prescription drugs and opiate abuse. Needle marks may be evident on the arms of someone who is abusing opiates, although many addicts become skilled at hiding evidence of intravenous drug use by injecting the drugs in unseen areas, such as between the toes. Opiate abusers may appear unusually thirsty or sweaty. The pupils of opiate abusers often appear as pinpoints. The frequent smell of alcohol is a red flag of alcoholism. Alcoholics may exhibit irritable behavior, slurred speech, unusually bright or glassy eyes and difficulty expressing thoughts and ideas in a logical manner. Alcoholics often try to hide the physical evidence of their addiction, including empty bottles and cans. Individuals abusing prescription drugs may exhibit sings of intoxication, including clumsiness and slurred speech. Someone with a dependency on prescription drugs may appear droopy eyed. 2: Consider staging an intervention so the addict’s loved ones can demonstrate how the drug abuse is affecting them. An intervention may also include the addict’s colleagues and church representatives. While an intervention will likely be overwhelming to the addict, the intent is not to put the addict on the defensive, and you should carefully select intervention participants. Prior to the intervention, develop at least one treatment plan to offer to the addict. The intervention will mean little if the addict does not know how to get help and does not have the support of loved ones. The loved ones staging the intervention may consider enrolling the addict in a treatment program prior to the intervention without the addict’s knowledge. Participants should prepare specific examples of how their loved one’s drug abuse has hurt them. Often, those staging an intervention choose to write letters to the addict. An addict may not care about self-destructive behaviors, but seeing the pain drug abuse inflicts on others can be a powerful motivator for seeking help. Do not wait until the addict’s behavior has spiraled so far out of control that relationships and situations cannot be repaired. Ideally, the addict should seek help for addiction before consequences, such as job loss, abuse and neglect of loved ones and financial ruin, occur. Be prepared to offer specific consequences if the addict rejects seeking treatment. These consequences must not be empty threats, so the addict’s loved ones should consider the consequences they will impose if the addict does not seek treatment and be willing to follow through with them. 3: Find an appropriate drug rehabilitation program. If the addict is going to be escorted to the drug treatment center directly from the intervention, arrangements must be made beforehand. If an intervention is not necessary, assist the addict in researching both the addiction and recommended drug treatment plans. Be supportive and allow the addict to feel in control of the impending rehabilitation. Contact several rehabilitation clinics and inquire about their services. Don’t be afraid to ask specific questions about their daily schedules and how they handle relapses. Ask if you may tour the facility, and keep in mind that the more receptive the addict is of the treatment plan, the better the chances of overcoming the addiction. 4: Expect relapses. Because drug addiction is a chronic disease, it can be managed, but not cured. Relapses will most likely happen, and the addict should not consider a relapse a failure. However, treatment will be needed following each relapse. 5: Be the best friend you can be. Be there for them (text, call, see them, do fun activities, play sports, hang out, and support their hobbies and interests often. This means you should also hang out with them or suggest a favorite activity of theirs (no matter how much you don’t like it) when they try to shrug off or are offered their substance. Try to remain positive in your outings with them. They need to know that there will be people to support them on the road to recovery. : Encourage and suggest the potential freedoms of new, healthier lifestyles, when the addict recovers. Edit Tips Being that addiction is a physical, mental, and spiritual disease; this too, as well, should be the goal (in this order) to overcoming/meeting the disease head on. Howie I am doing this to help u out because I love u so much and I want u to read this. I have also read this to help me understand. Idk if u understand or not but I love u so much that I want u to get help†¦I love u with all my heart baby please get help. I love you†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦love always Cassandra rose dutcher

Bullying Research Paper Essay

Abstract Every day across America, children are being sent to school with the mindset that they are safe as they head to an environment that is intended to support a positive atmosphere of learning and socialization. However, schools across America are plagued with the continuous and aggressive problem of bullying that is effecting our society as a whole. Our children’s physical and emotional well-being is at risk because of the act of bullying. Without proper education, identification, and prevention to promote awareness, bullying will continue to be a major issue. The following research paper is intended to focus on the effects of school bullying and what society can do to help prevent future bullying from occurring. I aspire to learn the different forms of bullying, while learning what I can do to identify the problem and what the possible solutions to preventing future occurrence are. Keywords: Bullying,Cyberbullying, School Bullying School Bullying Over the years, bullying has become more prominent in our society. In the past, many adults and educators perceive bullying as something that all children go through; just kids being kids. Children are all effected differently depending on the degree of the bullying, some even ending in tragic events. Being proactive in recognizing bullying can lead to a drastic decrease in bullying cases. Educated professionals are being trained in order to pick up on signs that an act of bullying is happening and how to address and resolve the situation. Thankfully, more and more states are issuing laws to protect the schools and the students against bullying. As a result, anti-bullying programs were created to provide a safe learning environment for students and have been effective all over the world. In order for us to better understand bullying, we must know what bullying is. The simple word â€Å"bully† can be referred back to as early as the 1500’s. In order to learn exactly what a bully is, you must first break down what a bully is in its simplest form. The act of bullying requires two people, the bully and the person being bullied. By definition, â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose (stopbullying.org).† The entire act is dependent upon a disparity of power, the aggressor exhibits that they have more power than the person being targeted. The act of bullying can be separated into three categories: verbal (name calling, teasing), social (ignoring or isolating), and physical bullying (hitting, kicking). Now with the recent boom in technology, a new form of bullying has now emerged- cyber bullying. In any event, all forms of bullying have a direct result on the victim. Bullying is a form of abuse that carries on over the course of time. â€Å"At first one may believe that the effects of bullying is limited to initial responses that tend to fade within a few days or a week, at most. However, research indicates that the harm inflicted by bullying, whether physical or psychological, has implications and can result in a snowball effect of lasting and painful emotions and negative impacts.† (Donegan, 2008). Although bullying consists of two core components, the bully and the person being bullied, the difference in the type of bullying differs greatly. The person who plays the part of the bully is acting in a conscious, willful, and deliberate activity where the primary purpose is to generate fear through the threat of additional aggressive acts. This further act of aggression and creation of terror creates the lasting impression of intimidation and an uncomfortable emotional sense that the bully uses to maintain power. Once a bully has created this superiority, the bully will continue to victimize their offender. These actions define the most common and obvious form of bullying, physical bullying. In this instance, the aggressor is most often portrayed punching, kicking, throwing objects, or  participating in some form of destructive behavior that is both observable and physical. The intimidated victim will most likely dismiss any injuries received to avoid any further incidents. At t his point, the bully has already established their control and will continue to exercise their power over the victim. In many instances, victims have been found to report a combination of physical and verbal bullying. The verbal threatening, taunting, and name calling has been found to be a commonality with physical bullying. â€Å"In a survey of big school students, a third of students who were bullied experienced symptoms that sound much like post-traumatic stress disorder: Feelings of panic, repeatedly thinking about past bullying episodes, and inability to concentrate at school. Unfortunately, these feelings of anxiety and distress tend to linger after graduation and into adulthood† (Sharp, 1995). â€Å"The adverse impact of school bullying is often exacerbated by the fact that many pupils do not tell of their experience and therefore do not receive appropriate help and support (Oliver & Candappa, 2003). With our society constantly evolving, so has the manner in which individuals are bullied. Since the emergence of the internet, social media, and the technological advancements of telecommunications, the ease and the way people communicate has created a breeding ground for young adults to bully one another. Cyber bullying has now transcended the traditional sense of bullying and evolved into a form that allows a person to hide their identity behind a computer. â€Å"This anonymity makes it easier for the offender to strike blows against a victim without having to see the victim’s physical response. The distancing effect that technological devices have on today’s youth often leads them to say and do crueler things compared to what is typical in a traditional face-to-face bullying situation† (Donegan, 2012). Cyber bullying has been defined as â€Å"an aggressive act or behavior that is carried out using electronic means by a group or an individual repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or herself† (Smith, e.t.,al 2008). Examples of cyber bullying include malicious text messages or emails, rumors posted on social networking sites, and  embarrassing photos, videos, or fake profiles. Although cyber bullying is often experienced indirectly, as opposed to a face to face confrontation with traditional bullying, the potential for reaching a larger audience is greater. A form of cyber bullying would be posting a status that is intended to be vague, however, is specifically directed towards someone using an insignificant clue that the victim would know is directed at them. Once a publication is made through a social media network, the potential for further sharing increases exponentially. At this point, the repetitiveness for the bullying to continue can c arry on by other people, causing a snowball effect. That single act creates a vicious circle that the victim may experience over and over. Regardless if it is traditional bullying or cyber bullying, a significant amount of research has documented the long lasting impact of bullying on a person’s mental health and academic performance. In many instances, an entire school’s student body is capable of being affected by bullying. A school is intended to design an atmosphere where children experience a positive and inviting environment, where growth and individuality is welcomed and encouraged. However, when a school’s climate is plagued by bullying, there is an inherent fear and intimidation within the school that causes the victim and others to disassociate and reject the notion of a positive atmosphere. The fear of being harassed or excluded by peers in school contributes to dropout rates and poor academic achievement, causing additional victimization. In order to implement a strategy to combat bullying, â€Å"schools must include school-level interventions designed to change the overall culture and climate of the school: class room interventions targeting teachers and other adults in the school; and student-level interventions that target individual or small groups of victims and bullies.† (Whitted, 2005). Strategies like this help to revert the power imbalance that a bully thrives on to gain power. Research on anti-bullying programs have shown that information provided for parents through newsletters and parent meetings proved to be successful. A school atmosphere with a positive line of communication between school administration and the student’s parents helps to raise the awareness of  bullying encouraging a drastic reduction in bullying incidents. Other common ways to help combat the effects of bullying included more social interactions for the victim. Educators and parents are urged to have the child participate in organized social activities to initiate new friendships and build confidence with other children for a feeling of belonging. If the child is interested in music, art, or sports, they are encouraged to develop and practice that talent to reinforce confidence and self-esteem. A controlled system with peer support helps victims deal with the interpersonal conflicts of bullying in a pro-active and non-violent way. By being positive, supportive, and embracin g the child and what he/she is going through at all times, he will come to respect and cherish himself as an individual and overcome any negative effects bullying may have caused. Conclusion When someone thinks back to their days of elementary school through high school, most of us think about â€Å"normal† school images- classes, homeroom, and friends. We can all recall some of the struggles; studying for the big test, getting homework completed, making new friends. To me, school was just school. It was something I had to do to become a successful adult. For those victims of school bullying, school is a living nightmare. The harassment, pain, and the series of struggles a bullied person experiences is too much for any normal person to comprehend, especially if they were not bullied personally. School becomes a burden and something that is avoided as much as possible. The victims become stressed with their overflowing insecurities. School work no longer is a priority, avoiding the harassment and humility becomes a primary concern. Prior to conducting this research project, my knowledge of bullying was very limited. Having not been bullied as a child, my image was simple. The biggest kid in the class would push the scrawny â€Å"weird† kid against his locker, and that was the end of it. Now, after reading the numerous studies done on this terrible â€Å"epidemic†, I have realized that this is a problem that causes more damage long term than what society thinks- and it effects everyone! My daughter will be entering elementary school in a few years, and as her father I feel that it is important to explain bullying and the  effects it has on individuals. No matter if it is verbal, emotional, physical or occurring on social media sites, I feel it is my job, as well as the school’s guidance team to educate and inform my daughter on this serious topic. If we can properly educate people, hopefully someday the negative domino effect of bullying can be reversed to be a positive outcome of the popu lar plan to â€Å"pay it forward†. For someone who was taught â€Å"The Golden Rule† as a young boy, it seems simple to me. Treat others the way you want to be treated, and if you don’t have anything nice to say to someone- don’t say it at all. This is something I plan to teach my daughter, and maybe if more people believe and teach this golden rule, bullying will be a thing of the past. References Donegan, R. (2012). Bullying and Cyberbullying: History, Statistics, Law, Prevention and Analysis. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), 33-42. McElearney, A., Adamson, G., Shevlin, M., & Bunting, B. (2013). Impact Evaluation of a School-based Counselling Intervention in Northern Ireland: Is it Effective for Pupils Who Have Been Bullied?. Child Care In Practice, 19(1), 4-22. doi:10.1080/13575279.2012.732557 Ockerman, M. S., Kramer, C., & Bruno, M. (2014). From the School Yard to Cyber Space: A Pilot Study of Bullying Behaviors Among Middle School Students. Research In Middle Level Education Online, 37(6), 1-18. Oliver, C., & Candappa, M. (2003). Summary report Tackling bullying: Listening to the views of children and young people. London: ChildLine and Thomas Coram Research Unit. Sharp, S. (1995). How much does bullying hurt? The effects of bullying on the personal wellbeing and educational progress of secondary aged students. Educational and Child Psychology, 12, 81–88. Smith, P.K., J. Mahdavi, M. Carvalho, S. Fisher, N. Russell, and N. Tippett (2008), â€Å"Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils†, Journal of Chil Psycology & Psychiartry, 49. pp 376-385 What is Bullying | StopBullying.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/index.html Whitted, K., & Dupper, D. (2005). Best practices for preventing or reducing bullying in schools. Children & Schools, 27(3), 167-175.

Irony In “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson Essay

In â€Å"The Lottery†, Shirley Jackson uses foreshadowing, symbolism, and irony throughout her story to show that death is imminent in the end. Not only do time and place bear important clues as to the allegorical meaning of â€Å"The Lottery† but the very names of the characters are laden with significance. What is more, it will be shown what an important role these literary devices play in this short story, enriching the meaning, transforming the cruel act of stoning, and the whole process leading to it into a depiction of relations between an individual and the community. Outline I) Shirley Jackson uses foreshadowing A) People being late for the lottery, when normally people would rush to want to see if they won, and not one person did. * B)The names Mr. Graves, Mr. Warner have interesting meanings and Shirley Jackson uses them to foreshadow. * C)The children picking up stones: evident that the stones are going to be used in a manner not conducive to continued life. * II) Shirley Jackson uses symbolism A) Black box * B) Boys gathering stones and pebbles: Indoctrination or brainwashing that is passed on from one generation to the next. * C) The meaning behind Mrs. Delacroix and Mr. Summers. Mr. Summers has the appearance of normalcy and cheerfulness hiding evil and corruption. * D) Village: That which appears normal and even benevolent but which harbors inner corruption and evil. * III) Shirley Jackson uses irony A) The word â€Å"lottery† suggests that the villagers are going to draw for a prize. * B) The sunny day suggests that a happy event is about to take place. * C) When Old Man Warner hears that the north village is considering ending the lottery, he says, â€Å"Next thing you know, they’ll be wanting to go back to living in caves.† (The lottery is as savage and barbaric a ritual as any  practiced by cave dwellers.) *

Critical evaluation of two luxury brand stores Essay

Critical evaluation of two luxury brand stores - Essay Example Such kinds of people have high purchasing power and hence they go for such kinds of products. When one buys something of luxury brand one can genuinely feel the difference. Luxury brands grow and expand even when the economy goes down. People spend thousands of dollars to buy such kind of products. In this paper two luxury brands Hermes and Chanel will be considered. Hermes is a French manufacturer of luxury goods with its headquartered in Paris, France. Similarly Chanel is also a high fashion house headquartered in Paris, France. The each has their own touch points across the world where they reflect their individuality with the customers. Such brands need to take care of their marketing strategy in such a way that their brand value does not get affected. Discussion In this section of the essay, the detailed discussion about each of the two chosen brands will be conducted. The discussion of each brand includes overview and analysis of the brand; and brand message and communication a cross brand touch points. In overview and analysis of the brand the key focus will be on brand position and heritage, and brand DNA. In brand message and communication, the key focus will be on the concept stores and other communication tools. Analysis of the two brands in above mentioned perspectives has been conducted separately for each of the two brands below. Hermes International Figure 1: Logo of Hermes International It was founded by Thierry Hermes in 1837. ... Hermes International S.A. has around 304 exclusive stores including 180 branches, 21 retail outlets and 124 concessionaries (Tran, 2012, p. 3). It employees only 9081 persons, but their revenues keeps increasing rapidly in many years. Their revenue in 2011 was 2,841 million euros. The prices of their products are sky high but still their sales keeps on increasing every year. For example on an average Hermes handbag cost $ 3000 -$ 5000, but people still prefer to buy them (Hermes, 2013, p. 1). Hermes targets teenagers and young adults who love fashion. Their customer wants high quality merchandise with good features and wonderful after sale service. Their customers earn high incomes and do not bother about how expensive the prices are. They basically look for limited edition leather watches. Such customers want to own something which other common people can’t afford to buy. United States is an important market for Hermes. They target high income customers who are mostly males. Hence they focus more on male accessories than female counterparts (Ritson, 2010, p. 1). Likewise their target customers are different across different countries, depending on the demography of the economy. Like Hermes is now trying to target the Mainland China. According to a study in China, male consumer s purchase more luxury products online as compared to female counterparts. So there also they sell the male accessories. Figure 2: Hermes International Store in London Hermes basically gives two powerful messages thorough their stores. One is the craftsmanship displayed by their artisans in creating their products. Another message is the quality and commitment to service delivery which is displayed by the service received by the customers who visits